Physics of Fibres and Textile Materials

Inadequacy of classical mechanics, de-Broglie concept of matter waves, Davisson and Germer experiment, wave packet, phase velocity, group velocity, Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle and its applications, time-dependent and time-independent Schrodinger wave equations, particle confined in one dimensional box, wave function and its physical interpretation.

Interference: Coherent sources, interference in thin film of uniform and non-uniform thickness, Newton’s rings and its applications (wavelength and refractive index). Diffraction: Single slit diffraction, diffraction grating, dispersive power and resolving power of grating. Polarisation: Unpolarised and polarised light, double refraction, Huygens' explanation of double refraction, Nicol prism-construction and working, optical activity.

Laws of thermodynamics, heat conduction, convection and radiation, heat capacity, thermal conductivity, band theory of solids, conductors, semiconductors, insulators, dielectric materials, piezoelectricity, ferro-electricity.

Ultrasonics: Introduction, generation of ultrasonic waves (magnetostriction and piezoelectric methods) and detection, applications in textile industry. Fiber optics: Fundamental idea about optical fiber, acceptance angle, acceptance cone, numerical aperture, principle of light propagation in optical fiber. Laser: Interaction of radiation with matter (absorption, spontaneous and stimulated emission), main components of a laser system, Ruby laser, He-Ne laser, laser applications in textile industry.

Superconductors: Temperature dependence of resistivity and critical field in superconducting materials, Meissner effect, Type I and Type II superconductors, persistent current, high temperature superconductors, application of superconductors. Nano-materials: Introduction and properties of nano-materials, basic concept of quantum dots, quantum wires and quantum well, application of nano-materials.