Applied Chemistry for Biomolecules and Bioprocess Systems

Chemistry of Biomolecules: Structure and classification of carbohydrates (mono-, di-, polysaccharides), proteins (primary to quaternary structure, amino acid chemistry), lipids (fatty acids, phospholipids, sterols), nucleic acids (DNA and RNA structure, nucleotide chemistry), vitamins and coenzymes, biomolecular interactions and forces (hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, Van der Waals)

Laws of thermodynamics applied to biological systems, Gibbs free energy, ATP as energy currency, coupled reactions, chemical equilibrium in biochemical systems, reaction kinetics (first and second order), activation energy, Arrhenius equation, transition state theory, introduction to enzyme catalysis and factors affecting enzyme activity.

Classification and nomenclature of enzymes, active site chemistry, mechanisms of enzyme action, Michaelis-Menten kinetics, Km and Vmax, enzyme inhibition (competitive, non-competitive, uncompetitive), allosteric regulation, immobilized enzymes, industrial enzymes (proteases, amylases, lipases, cellulases), enzyme engineering

Introduction to fermentation technology,Chemistry of fermentation media (carbon sources, nitrogen sources, minerals, growth factors), sterilization chemistry, aerobic and anaerobic fermentation, metabolic pathways (glycolysis, TCA cycle, pentose phosphate), yield coefficients, downstream processing (precipitation, chromatography, membrane filtration), product recovery

Chemistry of monoclonal antibodies, recombinant proteins, vaccines, nucleic acid therapeutics (siRNA, mRNA), biosimilars, drug formulation chemistry, biosensor chemistry (enzyme biosensors, immunosensors), bioremediation chemistry, Synthesis of typical organic compounds by conventional and Green route (Paracetamol), Environmental impact of Green chemistry on society.