Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering

Basic concepts of Electric charge, current, voltage, resistance, power, and energy; Ohm's law; series and parallel combination of resistors; Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) and Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL); Thevenin's theorem (simple concept and problem). simple mesh and nodal analysis;

AC voltage and current — peak, RMS, average values; phasor representation; R, L, and C circuits and their series and parallel connections; admittance and impedance; active power (P), reactive power (Q), apparent power (S); power factor and its significance; power factor correction using shunt capacitors; single-phase power measurement using wattmeter.

Three phase power supply and loads, balanced star and delta connections; phase and line voltages and currents; three-phase power; two-wattmeter method;

Working principle of single-phase transformer; EMF equation; voltage and current ratio; losses and efficiency; concept of step-up and step-down transformer; Equivalent circuit and phasor diagram (no load condition). DC motor — types, working principle, back EMF, torque; three-phase induction motor — rotating magnetic field, slip, torque-speed curve, starting (DOL and star-delta),

Electrical hazards — shock and fire; earthing and grounding; working principle of fuses and circuit breakers; electrical safety in laboratory; Applications: Working of fluorescent lamps; motor used in water pumps, lathe machines; key components of energy bills;