BBFD201 Textiles – I Syllabus — AKTU 2024-25

Syllabus

4 units · 32 lecture hours · weightage in %

Unit1

Unit 1

8 hrs

INTRODUCTION TO TEXTILES Terms and definition: fibres, filaments, yarns-spun yarns, filament yarns, sewingthreads, fabrics- woven, knitted, non-woven Classificationof textile fibres on the basis of origin and length of fibre

Unit2

Unit 2

8 hrs

TEXTILESFIBRES AND THEIR PROPERTIES (Source, production and properties) Important properties of textile fibresNatural cellulosic fibres-cotton, flax,jute, ramie Natural Protein fibres-wool, silk RegeneratedFibres-viscose rayon, cuprammonim rayon and polynosic rayon, acetate and tri-acetate, azlon Synthetic fibres-nylon, polyester, acrylic, modacrylic, olefins,Polypropylene Specialuse fibres- elastomeric fibres, aramid, carbon Microfibres-Tencel, Modal,etc. Innovative fibre Fibre identification- visual test, microscopic test, burning test, chemical test

Unit3

Unit 3

8 hrs

YARNS Yarn manufacturing process Mechanical Spinning Chemical spinning processes- dry spinning, melt spinning, Yarn Classification- on the basis of structure, fibre composition, effects and processing Noveltyyarns- core, eyelash, boucle`, ribbon, ladder, nub, slub, chenille, corkscrew or spiral, metallic yarns, crepe yarns Yarnnumbering system- direct and indirect system Yarntwist- direction of twist (S and Z twist), types of twist, effect of twist on fabric properties Sewingthreads Yarntesting - Determination of staple / filament yarn, number of plies, direction of twist, measurement of twist Fabrictesting - Physical tests Threadcount: ends per inch and picks per inch Fabricweight: fabric mass per unit area (gsm), fabric mass per unit length (weight per linear meter) Evaluation of fabric drape Seam/ yarn slippage Chemical tests - Dimensional stability, mercerization, chlorination

Unit4

Unit 4

8 hrs

FABRIC CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES Weaving Preparation of yarns for weaving Loom:Parts and types of looms Characteristics of woven fabrics Classificationof Weaves Basicweaves: plain, rib and basket, twill, satin/sateen Decorativeweaves: dobby andjacquard Surface figure weaves: lappet, swivel, spot/dot Otherweaves: pile weave, velvet, velveteen, leno, double weave Weaveidentification - Identification of basic weaves and their design interpretation on graph
To accustom the students with the nature, property, behaviour and uses of various natural and man-made textilefibers
To familiarize students to the various types of yarns, their properties and manufacturingprocesses
To develop an understanding of various techniques of fabricconstruction
To be able to identify different types of woven, knitted and nonwovenfabrics
Tounderstandcalculationofyarn-countandyarntwistandtheirrelationtofabric properties
Toimparttheknowledgeofsomeimportantphysical andchemicaltestsoffabricsfor betterunderstanding of fabric properties, their performance andapplication
To enable students to identify basic and decorativeweaves
To learn graphical representation of basic weaves and theirvariations

Practical Work

Methodology
•Provide an overview of the subject, including fibers, yarns, fabric construction, and properties.
•Use PowerPoint presentations, visuals, and charts to explain concepts like fiber classification, properties, and fabric types. Plain weave and its variations – rib and basket weave Twill weave: even, uneven, right handed, left handed, pointed twill, herringbone Satin and sateen weave Identification of decorative weaves- dobby and jacquard, surface figure weaves: lappet, swivel, spot/dot, pile weave, velvet, velveteen, leno, double cloth Weavingdefects Knitting Introduction to knitting Characteristic of knitted fabrics- wales and course, gauge (npi), technical face, technical back, skewing, snagging Warp and weft knits Comparisonbetween knits and woven Weft knit fabrics: double knit,jersey knit, rib knit and piquéWarp knit fabrics: tricot and raschel V OTHERFABRIC CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES Non-woven/bonded fabrics Othermethods of fabric construction- braids, nets, lace, taper cloth, film fabrics, coated fabrics, metallic plated, multi component fabrics
820%
•Provide real-life examples (e.g., cotton in clothing, silk in sarees).
•Use a storytelling approach for historical evolution and traditional textiles.
•Show samples of natural and synthetic fibers, yarns, and fabrics in class.
•Conduct videos and virtual tours of textile mills and fabric production processes.
•Question-and-answer sessions to check understanding.
•Group discussions on sustainable textiles and innovations.
Assessment
(Assignments, Quizzes, Class Participation), Mid-Semester Examination (Conceptual & Analytical Understanding) Presentation/Seminar on Emerging Trends 30%
2End-Semester Examination 70%
Suggested Assignments
Assignment 1: Source and prepare a portfolio of various types of yarns. Specify fibre composition, count and twist of the samples (minimum 10 samples) Assignment 2: Conduct a market survey of fabric or clothing stores to examine the fibre content of fabrics. Note the variety of effects created by blending fibres. Explain why the different fibers were used together Assignment 3: Prepare a portfolio of fabric swatches of different fibre content Specify fibre content and end use of the samples (minimum ten samples) Assignment 4: Prepare a portfolio of fabric swatches of different weights and thickness. Calculate their yarn count in terms of ends per inch and picks per inch. Specify possible applications of the samples (minimum ten samples) Assignment 5: Develop a portfolio of fabric swatches of various types of woven fabrics. Identify type of weave and provide graphical representation of basic weaves (minimum ten samples sourced by students and ten samples provided of department) Assignment 6: Prepare a portfolio of fabric samples of different surface appearance such as fabric made of slub yarns, textured yarns, twill weave, pile weave, leno weave, etc.(minimumten samples) Assignment 7: Prepare a frame from hard board and make basic weaves using paper strips
Instruments Required PickglassMicroscope, Twist counter Crease, recovery tester, Drapometer , GSM cutter , Electronicweighing balance
Suggested Visits
•Fabric manufacturing unit- handloom / power loom unit
•Handloom weaving units of Varanasi, Panipat, Surat, Moradabad, etc
•Indian Institute of Handloom Technology (nearest one)
•Knitwear manufacturing unit
•Nearest Weaver’s Service Centre (visit the following website for list of centres http://handlooms.nic.in/cit_char_wsc.htm)
•Textile testing laboratory

Course Objectives1 points

To develop an understanding of the fundamental concepts oftextiles

Course Outcomes (COs)14 outcomes

After completion of the course student will be able to:

CO1Understand the attributes of different textilefibers
CO2Understand yarn count and its relation to fabricproperties
CO3Be aware of various types of looms and fabrics made from theselooms
CO4Understand different techniques of fabricconstruction
CO5Skill development to relate textile structure and property for specific enduses
CO6Developconceptofthenatureandbehaviourofvarioustextilematerialinthea pparel sector
CO7Be able to identify basic weaves and theirvariations
CO8Be aware of various types of decorative weaves and theirproperties Teaching- Learning
CO1Identify various textile fibers and classify them based on their origin and properties. 1
CO2Explain fiber properties, yarn formation, and fabric construction methods. 2
CO3Compare woven and non-woven textiles for different applications. 4
CO4Assess the impact of chemical and mechanical finishing on fabric properties. 5
CO5Use standard lab techniques to test fiber properties. 3 Evalution Pattern Sr.no Evalution Pattern
CO1Continuous Internal

Text Books & References30 books

Textbooks

Corbman, B. P., Textile Fibre to fabric, MGH International, 2003
Hann, M. A. and Thomas, B. G., Patterns of Culture: Decorative Weaving Techniques, Leeds 2005
Joseph, M.L., Essentials of Textiles (6th Edition), Holt, Rinehart and Winston Inc., Florida, 1988
Kadolph Sara J., Quality Assurance of Textiles and Apparel, Fairchild publication, 1998
Kadolph, S. J. & Langford. A. L., Textiles, 10th edition, Pearson education, USA, 2007
Raul, Jewel, Textile Testing, APH Pub. Corp., 2005
Saville, B.P., Physical Testing of Textiles, Textiles Institute, 2000
Sekhri, S., Textbook of Fabric Science, Fundamentals to Finishing, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., 2011 ReferenceMaterials
Bhardwaj, S.K. and Mehta, P.V., Managing Quality in the Apparel Industry, New Delhi,New Age International, 1998
Brackenbury, T., Knitting Clothing Technology, Blackwell Science Publishers, 2005
Express Textile Journal
Field, A., The Ashford Book of Weaving, Shoal Bay Press, 1991
Grayson, M., Encyclopedia of Textile, Fiber and Nonwoving Fabrics. New York: JohnWiley& Sons, 1984
Hallett, C., and Johnston, A., Fabric for Fashion, The Swatch book, Laurence King Publishing, London, 2010
Hollen, N. & Saddler, J., Textiles (6th Ed.), New York: Macmillan, 1988
Horrock & Anand, Handbook of Technical Textiles, Woodhead Publishers, 2000
Huphhirs, M., Fabric Reference, 4th Edition, Pearson Education, Inc, 2009
Joseph, M.L., Essentials of Textiles, 6th edition, Holt, Rinehart and Winston Inc., Florida, 1988
Kothari, V.K., Behera, B.K., Quality Control in Textiles and Apparel Industry- A& B, Delhi,Department of Textile Technology, IIT – Proceedings of Workshop- 3-5 October, 1996
Marjory, L. J., Essentials of Textiles, New York, 1976
Marjory, L. J., Introductory Textile Science (3rd Ed.) New York, 1977
Murphy W.S., Handbook of weaving, Abhishekh Publications, 2000
Seiler, A., Textiles Classification of Techniques, Craweford House Press, 1994
Sekhri, S., Textbook of Fabric Science: Fundamentals to Finishing, PHI Learning, Delhi,2011
Shaikh, I. A., Pocket Weaving Expert- A practical handbook on textile weaving, Lahore, Pakistan